Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea "ncha" ea mekhoa ea ho fetisetsa melaetsa

Methapo e fetisang matla a motlakase ho tloha lifemeng tsa motlakase ho ea litsing tsa matla a motlakase le likhoele tse hokelang lipakeng tsa litsamaiso tsa motlakase ka kakaretso.

e bitsoang lithapo tsa phetiso.Litheknoloji tse ncha tsa motlakase tseo re buang ka tsona kajeno ha li ncha, 'me li ka bapisoa feela le

e sebelisoa hamorao ho feta mela ea rona e tloaelehileng.Bongata ba litheknoloji tsena tse "ncha" li holile ebile li sebelisoa haholoanyane ho grid ea rona ea matla.Kajeno, e tloaelehileng

Liforomo tsa mehala ea phetiso ea seo ho thoeng ke litheknoloji tse "ncha" li akaretsoa ka tsela e latelang:

 

Theknoloji e kholo ea marang-rang ea matla

"Motlakase o moholo oa matla" o bolela tsamaiso ea matla e hokahantsoeng, sistimi e kopaneng ea matla kapa sistimi e kopaneng ea matla e entsoeng ke khokahano.

ea likhoele tse ngata tsa motlakase tsa lehae kapa likhoele tsa matla tsa tikoloho.Sistimi ea matla e hokahaneng ke khokahano e lumellanang ea palo e nyane

ea libaka tsa khokahanyo lipakeng tsa likhoele tsa motlakase tsa tikoloho le likhoele tsa naha tsa motlakase;Sistimi e kopaneng ea matla e na le litšobotsi tse hokahaneng

ho rera le ho romela ho ya ka dikontraka kapa ditumellano.Litsamaiso tse peli kapa ho feta tse nyane tsa matla li hokahantsoe ke marang-rang a matla bakeng sa ho bapisa

ts'ebetso, e ka etsang tsamaiso ea matla ea libaka.Litsamaiso tse 'maloa tsa matla a libaka li hokahantsoe ka marang-rang a matla ho theha matla a kopaneng

tsamaiso.Sistimi e kopaneng ea matla ke sistimi ea matla e nang le moralo o kopaneng, kaho e kopaneng, ho romella le ho sebetsa ka bonngoe.

 

Gridi e kholo ea matla e na le litšobotsi tsa mantlha tsa motlakase o phahameng haholo le grid ea phetisetso ea motlakase o phahameng haholo, matla a maholo a phetisetso.

le phetiso ea sebaka se selelele.Gridi e na le marang-rang a phetisetso ea AC ea matla a phahameng, marang-rang a matla a phahameng a matla a AC le marang-rang.

ultra-high voltage AC transmission network, hammoho le Ultra-high voltage transmission network le high-voltage DC transmission network,

ho theha tsamaiso ea sejoale-joale ea matla e nang le sebopeho se nang le lera, sa libaka le se hlakileng.

 

Moeli oa matla a maholo a phetisetso le phetisetso ea sebaka se selelele e amana le matla a phetisetso ea tlhaho le impedance ea wave

ea mohala o nang le boemo ba motlakase o lumellanang.Ha boemo ba motlakase oa mohala bo phahame, matla a tlhaho ao a a fetisang a maholo, leqhubu le le lenyenyane

impedance, sebaka sa phetisetso se hole le sebaka se seholo sa tšireletso.Ho matlafala ha khokahanyo pakeng tsa marang-rang a matla

kapa libaka tse matla tsa marang-rang ke.Ho tsitsa ha marang-rang kaofela ka mor'a ho hokahanya ho amana le bokhoni ba motlakase o mong le o mong ho tšehetsa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe

tse ling haeba li hloleha, ke hore, matla a phapanyetsano ea lithapo pakeng tsa li-grids tsa matla kapa li-grid tsa matla a libaka, ho ba le kamano e haufi haholoanyane,

le ts'ebetso ea marang-rang e tsitsitseng haholoanyane.

 

Marang-rang a motlakase ke marang-rang a phepelo a entsoeng ka litsi tse nyane, liteishene tsa kabo, lithapo tsa motlakase le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa phepelo ea motlakase.Har'a bona,

palo e kholo ea lithapo tsa phetisetso tse nang le boemo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba motlakase le liteishene tse tsamaellanang li etsa marang-rang a mokokotlo oa motlakase.

marangrang.Motlakase oa tikoloho o bolela marang-rang a matla a lifeme tse kholo tse nang le matla a taolo a phahameng, joalo ka liprofinse tse tšeletseng tsa China.

li-grid tsa tikoloho, moo keriti e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea motlakase ea tikoloho e nang le lifeme tse kholo tsa motlakase oa mocheso le lifeme tse fehlang ka metsi tse rometsoeng ka kotloloho ke setsi sa marang-rang.

 

Theknoloji ea phetisetso ea komporo

Molao-motheo oa mantlha oa theknoloji ea phetisetso ea komporo ke ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa conductor ea likhoele tsa phetisetso, ho fokotsa sebaka lipakeng tsa mekhahlelo,

eketsa sebaka sa li-conductor tse kopantsoeng (li-conductors) le ho eketsa palo ea li-conductors tse kopantsoeng (li-conductors tse nyenyane, ke moruo

thekenoloji ea phetiso e ka ntlafatsang haholo matla a phetiso ea tlhaho, le ho laola tšitiso ea seea-le-moea le tahlehelo ea corona ka ho

boemo bo amohelehang, e le ho fokotsa palo ea li-circuits tsa phetisetso, ho hatella bophara ba liphaseje, ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea mobu, joalo-joalo, le ho ntlafatsa

matla a phetiso.

 

Litšobotsi tsa mantlha tsa lithapo tsa phetiso tsa compact EHV AC ha li bapisoa le lithapo tse tloaelehileng tsa phetiso ke:

① Mokhanni oa mohato o amohela sebopeho se arohaneng ka bongata mme o eketsa sebaka sa conductor;

② Fokotsa sebaka se pakeng tsa mekhahlelo.E le ho qoba potoloho e khuts'oane lipakeng tsa mekhahlelo e bakoang ke ho sisinyeha ha mokhanni oa moea, spacer e sebelisoa ho

lokisa sebaka se pakeng tsa mekhahlelo;

③ Palo le mohaho oa tora ntle le foreimi li tla amoheloa.

 

Mohala oa phetisetso oa 500kV Luobai I-circuit AC o amohetseng theknoloji ea phetiso ea komporo ke karolo ea Luoping Baise ea 500kV.

Morero oa phetisetso ea potoloho ea Tianguang IV le phetoho.Ke lekhetlo la pele naheng ea China ho sebelisa theknoloji ena libakeng tse phahameng le nako e telele.

mela e hole.Morero oa phetiso le phetoho ea motlakase o kentsoe tšebetsong ka Phuptjane 2005, 'me o tsitsitse hajoale.

 

Theknoloji ea phetisetso ea komporo e ke ke ea ntlafatsa haholo matla a phetisetso ea tlhaho, empa hape e fokotsa phetiso ea matla

phasejeng ka 27.4 mu k'hilomithara, e ka fokotsang ka nepo palo ea ho rema meru, matšeliso a lijalo tse nyane le ho heletsoa ha matlo,

melemo ea bohlokoa moruong le sechabeng.

 

Hajoale, China Southern Power Grid e khothaletsa tšebeliso ea theknoloji ea phetisetso ea compact ho 500kV Guizhou Shibing ho ea Guangdong.

Xianlingshan, Yunnan 500kV Dehong le merero e meng ea phetisetso ea motlakase le phetoho.

 

Phetiso ea HVDC

Phetiso ea HVDC e bonolo ho elelloa marang-rang a asynchronous;E na le moruo ho feta phetisetso ea AC ka holim'a sebaka sa bohlokoa sa phetisetso;

Tsela e tšoanang ea mohala e ka fetisa matla a mangata ho feta AC, kahoo e sebelisoa haholo phetisong e kholo ea nako e telele, marang-rang a tsamaiso ea matla,

thapo e tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi ea sebaka se selelele kapa phetisetso ea mehala e ka tlas'a lefatše metseng e meholo, phetiso e bobebe ea DC ho netweke ea kabo, jj.

 

Sistimi ea sejoale-joale ea phetisetso ea motlakase hangata e entsoe ka motlakase o phahameng haholo, phetisetso ea motlakase oa DC le phetisetso ea AC.UHV le UHV

Theknoloji ea phetisetso ea DC e na le litšobotsi tsa sebaka se selelele sa phetisetso, bokhoni bo boholo ba phetisetso, taolo e bonolo le ho romella habonolo.

 

Bakeng sa merero ea phetisetso ea DC e nang le matla a phetisetso ea matla a ka bang 1000km le matla a phetisetso ea matla a sa feteng limilione tse 3 kW,

Boemo ba motlakase ba ± 500kV hangata bo amoheloa;Ha matla a phetiso ea matla a feta limilione tse 3 kW mme sebaka sa phetiso ea matla se feta

1500km, boemo ba motlakase ba ± 600kV kapa ka holimo bo amoheloa ka kakaretso;Ha sebaka sa phetisetso se fihla ho 2000km, hoa hlokahala ho nahanoa

maemo a phahameng a motlakase ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa liphaseje ka botlalo, ho fokotsa palo ea li-circuits tsa phetiso le ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea phetisetso.

 

Theknoloji ea phetisetso ea HVDC ke ho sebelisa likarolo tsa elektronike tse nang le matla a phahameng, joalo ka thyristor ea matla a phahameng a matla, silicon e laoloang.

GTO, insulated heke bipolar transistor IGBT le likarolo tse ling ho theha tokiso le lisebelisoa tsa inversion ho fihlela matla a phahameng, a sebaka se selelele.

phetiso ea matla.Litheknoloji tse amehang li kenyelletsa theknoloji ea elektronike ea matla, thekenoloji ea microelectronics, thekenoloji ea taolo ea lik'homphieutha, e ncha

lisebelisoa tsa ho kenya letsoho, fiber ea optical, superconductivity, ketsiso le ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso ea matla, taolo le moralo.

 

Sistimi ea phetisetso ea HVDC ke sistimi e rarahaneng e entsoeng ka sehlopha sa converter valve, converter transformer, DC filter, smoothing reactor, phetisetso ea DC.

mohala, sefahla sa motlakase lehlakoreng la AC le lehlakoreng la DC, sesebelisoa sa puseletso ea matla a sebetsang, switchgear ea DC, sesebelisoa sa tšireletso le taolo, lisebelisoa tse thusang le

likarolo tse ling (litsamaiso).Haholo-holo e entsoe ka liteishene tse peli tsa li-converter le mehala ea phetisetso ea DC, e hokahaneng le litsamaiso tsa AC lipheletsong ka bobeli.

 

Theknoloji ea mantlha ea phetisetso ea DC e tsepamisitsoe ho lisebelisoa tsa seteishene sa converter.Setsi sa converter se hlokomela phetoho e kopanetsoeng ea DC le

AC.Seteishene sa converter se kenyelletsa seteishene sa rectifier le inverter station.Seteishene sa rectifier se fetola matla a AC a mekhahlelo e meraro hore e be matla a DC, le

Seteishene sa inverter se fetola matla a DC ho tloha mehala ea DC ho ea ho matla a AC.Valve ea converter ke sesebelisoa sa mantlha sa ho lemoha phetoho lipakeng tsa DC le AC

seteisheneng sa converter.Ha e ntse e sebetsa, converter e tla hlahisa li-harmonics tse phahameng ka lehlakoreng la AC le lehlakoreng la DC, e leng se bakang tšitiso ea harmonic,

taolo e sa tsitsang ea lisebelisoa tsa converter, ho chesa ho feteletseng ha lijenereithara le li-capacitor, le ho kena-kenana le tsamaiso ea puisano.Ka hona, khatello

mehato e lokelang ho nkoa.Sefahla se behiloe seteisheneng sa converter sa sistimi ea phetisetso ea DC ho monya li-harmonics tsa boemo bo holimo.Ntle le ho monya

Harmonics, filthara e lehlakoreng la AC le eona e fana ka matla a bohlokoa a sebetsang, filthara ea lehlakore ea DC e sebelisa sebatli se boreleli ho fokotsa harmonic.

Seteishene sa converter

Seteishene sa converter

 

Phetiso ea UHV

Phetiso ea matla a UHV e na le litšobotsi tsa matla a maholo a phetisetso ea matla, sebaka se selelele sa phetisetso ea matla, sebaka se pharaletseng, mohala oa ho boloka.

liphasejeng, tahlehelo e nyane ea phetisetso, le ho fihlella mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea tlhophiso ea ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa.E ka theha marang-rang a mokokotlo oa matla a UHV

grid ho latela kabo ea matla, sebopeho sa mojaro, matla a phetisetso, phapanyetsano ea matla le litlhoko tse ling.

 

Phetiso ea UHV AC le UHV DC li na le melemo ea tsona.Ka kakaretso, phetisetso ea UHV AC e loketse kaho ea grid ea motlakase o phahameng

boemo le ho tšela libaka tse tlamang ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba tsamaiso;Phetiso ea UHV DC e loketse bokhoni bo boholo ba sebaka se selelele

phetiso ea liteishene tse kholo tsa phepelo ea matla a metsi le liteishene tse kholo tsa matla a mashala ho ntlafatsa moruo oa kaho ea likhoele tsa phepelo.

 

Mohala oa phetisetso oa UHV AC ke oa mohala o molelele o ts'oanang, o khetholloang ka hore khanyetso, inductance, capacitance le conductance.

haufi le mohala li ajoa ka mokhoa o tsoelang pele le ka ho lekana holim'a mohala oohle oa phetiso.Ha ho buisanoa ka mathata, litšobotsi tsa motlakase tsa

mohala o atisa ho hlalosoa ke ho hanyetsa r1, inductance L1, capacitance C1 le conductance g1 ka bolelele ba yuniti.Sebopeho sa impedance

le propagation coefficient ea junifomo mela e telele ea phetiso hangata e sebelisoa ho hakanya ho itokisetsa ho sebetsa ha melapo ea phetiso ea EHV.

 

Sistimi ea phetisetso ea AC e bonolo

Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) ke sistimi ea phetisetso ea AC e sebelisang theknoloji ea sejoale-joale ea matla a motlakase, theknoloji ea microelectronics,

thekenoloji ea puisano le thekenoloji ea morao-rao ea taolo ea ho fetola le ho laola ka potlako le ho laola phallo ea matla le litekanyetso tsa tsamaiso ea matla,

eketsa taolo ea sistimi le ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba phetisetso.Theknoloji ea FACTS ke thekenoloji e ncha ea phetisetso ea AC, e tsejoang hape e le e feto-fetohang

(kapa e feto-fetohang) thekenoloji ea taolo ea phetiso.Tšebeliso ea theknoloji ea FACTS e ke ke ea laola feela phallo ea matla ka bongata le ho fumana

kabo e nepahetseng ea phallo ea matla, empa hape e matlafatsa botsitso ba sistimi ea matla, ka hona e ntlafatsa matla a phetiso ea mohala oa phetiso.

 

Theknoloji ea FACTS e sebelisoa tsamaisong ea kabo ho ntlafatsa boleng ba matla.E bitsoa flexible AC transmission system DFACTS ea

tsamaiso ea kabo kapa thekenoloji ea matla a bareki CPT.Lingoliloeng tse ling, e bitsoa theknoloji ea matla a tsitsitseng kapa matla a ikhethileng

thekenoloji.


Nako ea poso: Dec-12-2022